i cant answer all the questions, but i can give some personal experience. i have a 1998 subaru outback wagon, i replaced the rear speakers with 6.5 in focal with a solid cone in the middle, the stock radio has enough juice to power those speakers plus the front. it really all depends on what you choose for components. as for a sub setup...i would go to best buy and they have a sub box for a 10 inch. i would use a " Kenwood - 10" Single-Voice-Coil Subwoofer
Model: KFC-W2511 | SKU: 8226626
Handles up to 1000W peak power (300W RMS) long-stroke design; 43.3-oz. ferrite magnet"
as for the box, just research on what would fit well in your car with for whatever sub you decide to choose, if you choose the one that i have suggested. i would also recommend this amp.
Kenwood - 500W Class D Mono Amplifier with Variable Crossover
the reason being is because the sub operates at 300 watts rms at 4 ohm impedance and this amp for the 4 ohm impedance puts out 500 watts rms.
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