The first thing I would advice to you is to remember that getting a job is not easy especially in this trying times. But it is possible!
1. You can ask the worker or the manager. Some workers will refer you to the manager for the vacancy and ask them.
2. Usually it is better to dress up when...
Yes! Why not experience Brazil. Have fun while your brother is out on business. There are a lot of things to discover in Brazil. It is a festive country and you get to see so many things. Read more about Brazil and what you can do and see there. I have a link that will provide you with just that...
Regarding the Passport, if you are a US citizen needing this fast, the sites below can help you to know everything you need especially the fees you needs for adult and child passport. :) Also accomodations and cheap airfare.
All of the countries you have mentioned have really great cultures and histories. I think you are a real explorer. Thats wonderful to hear. If you really want to imbibe the cultural living of these people, you might want to stay a little bit longer to each. Of your up to it, great. First, fix...